Since then, the department acquired a name and a distinctive identity in India and abroad. It draws students from all over India as well as abroad.

The department has expanded many times over since 1973. The name of the department was changed to the Department of Geography in 1976 to indicate the widening scope of teaching and research activity in physical and human aspects of Geography. The Department has evolved many new courses, which have been widely acclaimed as the frontiers in Geography. The Faculty members undertake research projects from various agencies including University Grants Commission, Indian Council of Social Science Research, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Indo-Canadian Shastri Institute and Ministries of Government of India, which include Indian Space Research Organization, Department of Science and Technology and the Planning Commission.

The department is located within the teaching block of the campus of the Delhi School of Economics, Delhi University North Campus.

• Diversity of Teaching programme with 6 specialized groups.
• Faculty received several prestigious Awards and Grants
• Established International Collaboration with Canada, Netherlands, UK, Japan and USA.

Engage with national and international Geography Associations occupying post of Vice-President, IGU and Secretary General, NAGI.

In 2005, it was finally called as the Geological Agency under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the decree of MEMR dated 18 November 2010, the Geological Agency (Echelon-I) consists of five Centers (Echelon-II), namely the Secretariat of Geological Agency (SGA), the Center for Geological Resources (CGR), the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM), the Center for Groundwater Resource and Environmental Geology (CGREG), and the Center for Geological Survey (CGS). The CVGHM was established to conduct research, investigation, engineering recommendations, and services in the field of volcanology and geological hazard mitigation. In performing its duties, the CVGHM performs several functions including (a) the preparation of technical policy development, norms, standards, procedures, and criteria, as well as plans and programs in the field of volcanology and geological disaster mitigation; (b) the implementation of research, investigation, engineering, thematic mapping and analysis of geological disaster risk, as well as early warning of volcanic activity and potential of ground movement and the provision of technical recommendations on geological disaster mitigation; (c) coaching functional of volcano watchers or observers; (d) monitoring, evaluating and reporting the implementation of research, investigation, engineering, thematic mapping and geological disaster risk analysis, as well as early warning of the volcanic activity and the potential ground movement and the provision of technical recommendations geological disaster mitigation; and (e) the administration. The organization structure of the CVGHM consists of four sections, which are: (a) Section of Volcano Monitoring and Investigations (observing 67 active volcanoes by 70 volcano observatories, estimate and publish the states or level of volcanic activity, providing technical recommendations within each states of volcanic activity, publishing disaster-prone area maps, topographic maps , geological map, and providing counseling.

The missions of RCDM ITB now are to enhance fundamental and applied research activities, which are able to anticipate, respond to and mitigate the disaster risk; to promote fundamental and applied research results that can strengthen the policy development in disaster management in order to achieve sustainable development; and to support the formation of disaster mitigation expert-communities in Indonesia through education. Research Area: RCDM ITB is a multidiscipline area. Many experts from many expertise, such as seismology, active tectonic, tsunami, infrastructure, geodesy, geology, volcanology, disaster management, regional policy, technology failures, and disaster instrument, which is represented by board of researcher. Besides, the center is also supported by Advisory Board, which consisting of respected head of several institutions related with disaster mitigation. As part of university, the research implemented by RCDMP ITB are focused in three main tasks, i.e. education, research and community services through community-based disaster mitigation activities to increase the awareness of community.

Firstly, in 1999, by the Government Regulation No. 93 of 1999, in order to strengthen the organization and permit its jurisdiction to extend to other basins; and recently by the Government Regulation No. 46 of 2010.

The objective and goal of PJT I is take part and support the Government policy and program on economic sector and national development in general, and particularly on business of water resources and its management, as well as optimization of PJT I's resources to produce goods and services based on healthy corporation management principles. In order to achieve the objective and goal, PJT I conducts main business activities: (1) services to provide bulk water for drinking water, industry, agriculture, flushing, port, electric power generation and others; (2) provide water power to generate electricity for the State Electricity Company; (3) generate and distribute electric power and drinking water, perform consulting in water resources fields, heavy equipment rental and water quality laboratory services, and (4) develop other water-related services including piped domestic supply at specified scales. PJT I in-charged in managing the water resources in 40 rivers (including the Brantas River) of the Brantas River Basin and to operate, maintaining, and managing the major infrastructure in these rivers. In 2000, the corporation was authorized to undertake water resources management activities within 25 rivers of the Bengawan Solo River Basin (an inter-provincial river basin lying in Central and East Java Provinces). In 2014 the corporation was authorized to undertake water resources management activities including controlling of water destructive forces, in Serayu Bogowonto and Jratunseluna River Basins in Central Java and Toba Asahan River Basin in North Sumatera.

Unfortunately, during some of these disastrous natural events even the invaluable evidences of ancient Persian culture have been flattened to the ground. All the aforementioned facts confirm the crucial necessity of being concerned about seeking a remedy in order to prevent and diminish these effects. Regarding high seismicity, vulnerability and high seismic risk of this region, International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering (IIEES) was established in November 1989 following the suggestion of 24th UNESCO General Conference and approval of Iranian government "Council of Higher Education Development" based on the investment of Iranian experts in the earthquake engineering.
In order to realize the goals of institute and develop the knowledge in this arena, training the intelligent students could be of great help. In this regard, IIEES was approved as a "Research Center" at the 408th meeting of "Council of Higher Education Development" in 1999 and then its new doctrine was affirmed in August 2001.
Today IIEES is engaged in implementation of national and international projects and will take effective steps in protecting the lives and properties of human being against the activities of nature thanks to all its responsible and qualified researchers.
The main goals of IIEES are investigation, technology and education in all aspects pertinent to seismology, earthquake engineering, earthquake hazard, and suggesting practical approaches and supporting their implementation to reduce the risks of earthquakes, and develop the security culture against earthquakes in this country and in the region.

IIEES is composed of different research departments, including Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering, Structural Engineering, Risk Management, Graduate Studies, Information Technology, and International Relations.

In the aftermath of the disastrous Gilan and Zanjan earthquake in 1990, the Technical Capacity Mobilization Office of Iran was established for the reconstruction of the affected areas in cooperation with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) under the supervision of the Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution. By ending the World Bank's loan and approving a new statute in 1993, the Centre for Natural Disasters Mitigation Studies of Iran was established and continued its activities until 1998.

The Ministry of Jahad-Agriculture, deputy of Research and Education, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI) with the main mandate of research on integrated watershed management is founded in 1993. The main field of activity is to conduct research in soil erosion and sediment yield, soil conservation, watershed management, flood management and exploitation, river engineering, coastal protection, hydrology and water resources development, aquifer management, climate change and agricultural drought impacts management.

Being the best in Iran, the University of Tehran has been ranked as one of the top universities in Asia.The foundation of the College of Agriculture & Natural Resources (UTCAN), goes back to the year 1900, when it was first established as "School of Agriculture". 120 years of education, research and policy-making, has turned UTCAN into a pioneering and leading focal point in Iran and also in Asia. UTCAN is honored to have former Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Economy, Acting-Minister of Science, Parliament member, President of the University of Tehran and other great leaders among its faculty members. UTCAN, with more than 240 eminent faculty members. 4500 Students are currently studying in 148 majors and specializations in 17 departments.

The Center's mission is to provide a state-of-the-art scientific research institute to serve as a think-tank for policy framers, decision-makers, the academic community and practitioners from all sectors.

The two intertwined functions of the Center are 1) independently generated, cutting-edge and multi-disciplinary research, and 2) solicited real-time response to requests by NEMA, government ministries, elected officials, NGOs and other stakeholders.

The current activity is a research gap assessment in the eight disciplinary groups (Social Science; Public Health and Emergency Medicine; Welfare and Social Work; Engineering, Technology, and Planning; Risk Assessment and Management; Environment; Law; and Public Policy) which culminates in September with a prioritized research agenda whose emphasis will be multi(trans)-disciplinary in nature. According to the prioritization, research projects will be funded beginning in November 2018. Some of the projects will be of a comparative nature and be conducted together with international partners.

Assisted by an initiative of the OECD's Global Science Forum, GEM was formed in 2009 as a non-profit foundation in Pavia, Italy, funded through a public-private sponsorship with the vision to create a world that is resilient to earthquakes. GEM's mission is to become one of the world's most complete sources of risk resources and a globally accepted standard for seismic risk assessment; and to ensure that its products are applied in earthquake risk management worldwide.

As the Commission's in-house science service, the Joint Research Centre's mission is to provide EU policies with independent, evidence-based scientific and technical support throughout the whole policy cycle. Its work has a direct impact on the lives of citizens by contributing with its research outcomes to a healthy and safe environment, secure energy supplies, sustainable mobility and consumer health and safety.

The JRC draws on over 50 years of scientific work experience and continually builds its expertise based on its seven scientific institutes, which host specialist laboratories and unique research facilities. They are located in Belgium (Brussels and Geel), Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain.

While most of our scientific work serves the policy Directorates-General of the European Commission, we address key societal challenges while stimulating innovation and developing new methods, tools and standards. We share know-how with the Member States, the scientific community and international partners. The JRC collaborates with over a thousand organisations worldwide whose scientists have access to many JRC facilities through various collaboration agreements.

The department has 42 units of academic staff, 21 units of administrative staff and 130 non-permanent staff such as PhD students, assistant researchers. The Earth Sciences Department of the University of Firenze is, since 2004, the official Centre of Competence of the Italian Civil Protection for Remote Sensing and Geohazards (Directive of the Italian Prime Minister of 27 February 2004; Decree of the Head of the Italian National Civil Protection Department no. 252 of 25 January 2005).

In 2008 it was entitled "World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction 2008-2011" by International Programme on Landslide (IPL). This recognition was confirmed in 2011 and in 2014 for the third consecutive time. The Geohazards research group, which is established at Earth Sciences Department of the University of Firenze it is one of the largest centres for scientific and technological services on geohazards in Italy, currently composed by 51 full-time employees (Figure 1). The group counts 4 professors, 3 researchers, 7 technicians, 19 post-doc fellows, 15 PhD students and 3 administratives. It is the biggest centre in Italy in the field of Geohazards and Engineering Geology.

and is composed of the following six research fields : 1) Earthquake disaster, 2) Tsunami disaster, 3) River disaster, 4) Slope disaster, 5) Volcanic disaster and 6) Information and plan for disaster prevention and mitigation.

The center aims to promote fundamental and applied studies that contribute to prevention and mitigation of natural disasters, to study and support regional disaster prevention and mitigation, and to educate and spread the knowledge of natural disasters on the general public, the local government staff concerned, the company personnel concerned and so on through lecture meetings, forums, seminars, symposiums, etc. In order to perform these aims, the center actively promotes cooperative researches and projects with national and local governments, companies, local communities and so on.

Postgraduate students may study in any of above fields towards the master's and doctor's degrees under the supervision of the center staff.

The Center works to build disaster resilient communities and to establish networks among countries through many programs including personnel exchanges in this field.

The Center addresses this issue from a global perspective in cooperation with a variety of UN agencies and international organisations/initiatives, such as the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR), the Office for the Coodination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pasific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WHO/WPRO).

Prevention Division, and Division for Disaster Information Network System in Asian Region, but in 2010, Nankai-Trough Earthquakes Research Division was also added so as to revisit the disaster preparedness plan against the widespread damage during Nankai Earthquake.

More recently in 2014, the number of research divisions has increased to six with the addition of Urban Design Research Division. CDMIR objectives are being met basically through the following two types of activities: (1) Support the local communities with disaster mitigation plans in Ehime (2) Strengthen collaborative relationship for disaster mitigation in Asia As a local disaster mitigation support, CDMIR has been annually convening Ehime Disaster Management Forums since 2009. The forum consists of public, private, and academia groups including the mayors of 20 cities and towns of Ehime prefecture. In 2011, the Association of Regional Disaster-Prevention Research in Ehime was established under the initiatives of CDMIR, to study the diverse disaster prevention and mitigation issues from a regional perspective. As one of the natural disaster hotspots of Asia, Ehime University has signed academic exchange agreement with five universities and colleges in Nepal that include Nepal Engineering College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu University, and others. In 2006, a satellite office of Ehime University was also placed in Kathmandu Nepal to facilitate various Nepal-based disaster management activities of CDMIR. Since then, CDMIR has been conducting various research and training activities aimed at supporting disaster mitigation efforts of Nepal. International symposiums and seminars on disaster mitigation/management issues are also frequently organized. The overall goal of CDMIR is to promote regional disaster management as a part of societal development to foster disaster-resistant and disaster-resilient communities for Ehime, for Shikoku, for Japan, and for Asia.

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creating knowledge networks, and disseminating lessons and information in order to help governments and all stakeholders manage risks of water-related hazards at global, national, and community levels.

To cope with major water-related disasters, such as floods, it is important and essential to strengthen not only individual but also organizational capacity in disaster management, because there is always limitation for what each person can do. Well aware of that fact, ICHARM conducts the following training courses which can contribute to organizational capacity development through training individuals.

* Comprehensive Management of River and Dam (JICA)

* Making JICA Training Program: Capacity Development for Flood Risk Management with IFAS (JICA)

* Water-related Risk Management Course of Disaster Management Policy Program (JICA & GRIPS)

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The International Programme on Landslides (IPL) was launched to create a new global multidisciplinary programme on landslides at the first session of Board of Representatives of ICL (BOR/ICL) at UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, in November 2002. The Programme was developed to a global cooperation programme through the thematic session on landslides in the second United Nations World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR), Kobe, Japan in January 2015. The IPL was defined and established by the 2006 Tokyo Action Plan "Strengthening Research and Learning on Landslides and Related Earth System Disasters for Global Risk Preparedness", the output of the Tokyo Round Table Discussion "Strengthening Research and Learning on Earth System Risk Analysis and Sustainable Disaster Management within UN-ISDR as Regards Landslides" held at the United Nations University, Tokyo, from 18th to 20th January, 2006. In 2006, the International Consortium on Landslides exchanged Memorandum of Understandings to promote IPL with each of ICL supporting organizations:

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Nuclear disaster should also be considered as a new challenge. And the establishment of a regional disaster prevention system that corresponds to this new situation, the promotion of a comprehensive disaster prevention education and research has become an urgent issue to support it.

Kagoshima University Disaster Prevention Education and Research Center, in order to reduce the prevention of disasters in the Nansei Islands region from the southern Kyushu, actual elucidation of the disaster, prediction, disaster prevention education, disaster emergency response, cooperation with local challenges such as disaster recovery reconstruction on effort, do the activities towards the improvement of the local disaster prevention force.

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The Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology at Kanazawa University was established for the purpose to this challenge.

The area of the Circum-Sea of Japan has already become one of the core socio-economic areas of the world due to a significant development of industrial and economic activities. However, atmospheric and oceanic environmental changes caused by human activities have been obvious in the area. Harmful influence of such changes extends to human health and terrestrial ecosystem of the area.
The Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology at Kanazawa University promotes environmental research and education to solve the emergent environmental issues of the area of the Circum-Sea of Japan and to create sustainable future environments in co-operation with the domestic and overseas institutions.

The Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology at Kanazawa University was established as a university joint research and education facility in 2002 on the basis of streamlining plan of existing university facilities such as "Low Level Radioactive Laboratory" at Faculty of Science, "Marine Laboratory" at Faculty of Science, "Electromagnetic Field Control Laboratory" at Faculty of Engineering, and "Botanical Garden" at Faculty of Science. The institute was integrated with the"Japan Sea Research Institute" at Kanazawa University in 2007 to promote the 21^st COE Program"Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short-Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area". Further, the institute was again reorganised in 2015 to promote environmental research and education in the pursuit to create sustainable future environments of the world.

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